3 Passos Rápidos: Como Adestrar Yorkshire
Neste artigo você vai aprender como adestrar yorkshire em casa em poucos dias!
A personalidade forte e a aparência fofa torna a raça yorkshire terrier uma das mais populares do mundo.
Mesmo com seu tamanho diminuto, a inteligência e o territorialismo desses cães os torna bons cães de guarda apesar do tamanho, mas é preciso treinar comandos básicos de obediência para que seu cãozinho não fique incontrolável.
Você vai Precisar de:
- Petiscos
- Guia comprida
- Coleira Com Guia Leve
- Clicker (Opcional)
1º Passo- Lições básicas
Os yorkshire são cães pequenos descendentes dos cães trabalhadores. Eles possuem muita força de vontade e são descritos como tendo o temperamento de um cão grande em um corpinho pequeno.
Eles possuem uma variação de inteligência grande, ou seja, alguns aprendem rápido e outros são mais lentos, seja paciente.
Por conta do tamanho do seu cãozinho, é preciso utilizar uma coleira para não machucá-lo. Deve ser possível inserir um ou dois dedos entre a coleira e o pescoço do cão para garantir que você não o está apertando demais.
Reforço Positivo
Os cães respondem bem ao treinamento de recompensas. A ideia é recompensar imediatamente o bom comportamento, seja com elogios ou petiscos.
Desse modo, o cão associará o comportamento com a recompensa, repetindo-o para continuar sendo recompensado.
Ao recompensar o cão com petiscos, tome cuidado para não alimentar demais. Conforme o animal começa a obedecer mais aos comandos, diminua a frequência dos petiscos (sem deixar de elogiá-lo verbalmente).
Com o tempo, você pode dar um petisco apenas na quarta ou quinta vez em que o animal o obedecer: isso não prejudicará o treinamento, desde que você ainda o elogie.
Utilize um clicker
Este método bastante útil envolve o uso de um pequeno dispositivo que emite um clique para marcar o momento exato do comportamento desejado.
Ao fazer com que o cão associe o som com o elogio e o petisco, é possível marcar esses momentos com o dispositivo e então fornecer a recompensa.
Desse modo, ele entenderá com mais facilidade qual foi o momento exato do bom comportamento.
Nunca puna o cão
Por mais que punir o comportamento ruim seja comum aos humanos, isto não funciona com os cães.
Dar atenção ao cão, mesmo na forma de uma repreensão, é recompensar o comportamento. Ignore os maus comportamentos para que seu cão fique entediado e pare de repeti-lo.
Treinamento Consistente
É preciso definir limites claros sobre o que o cão pode ou não fazer. A consistência é a coisa mais importante: se você não permite que o cão faça algo – como subir no sofá, por exemplo –, você deve seguir essa regra o tempo inteiro. Permitir que ele suba de vez em quando o confundirá.
Marcadores negativos
Informe o cão caso ele esteja prestes a cometer um engano ao emitir um som de desaprovação. O cão compreenderá que está prestes a fazer uma escolha errada. Jamais reforce a marcação com uma punição, pois não trata-se de um aviso, mas sim de uma dica de como o cão deve se comportar. Ele logo aprenderá que pode mudar e tomar a decisão correta.
Ao ensinar o cão a sentar, por exemplo, emita o comando. Caso ele fique de pé, diga algo como “hã hã” para que ele compreenda que ficar isso é errado.
Treinamentos devem ser breves
O yorkshire possui uma capacidade de atenção curta. Treine apenas um comando por vez em sessões que devem durar de acordo com a capacidade do cão.
Basicamente, menos é mais. Experimente realizar sessões de quatro ou cinco minutos espalhadas pelo dia.
2º Passo-Fazer as necessidades
Mostre o local Desejado
Assim como com qualquer outro treinamento, a consistência é importante. Escolha o ponto onde deseja que o cão faça as necessidades e ajude-o a associá-lo com a ida ao “banheiro”.
Vá ao Lugar com o cão com frequência.
Nas primeiras vezes, será uma questão de sorte, pois você ainda não compreenderá o horário do cão.
Ajude o yorkshire a compreender o comportamento desejado elogiando-o e dando petiscos pela “coincidência” feliz.
Nunca puna o cão por acidentes
Assim como com qualquer treinamento, a punição não é eficaz, pois fará com que o cão fique com medo de você e procure locais escondidos para se aliviar na casa.
Limpe os locais proibidos
Uma estratégia que funciona bastante, sempre que ele fizer em locais “errados”, limpe muito bem, pois o odor leva ele a fazer de novo naquele local.
Aqui vale também deixa um tempo, no início principalmente, sem limpar o local que você escolheu. Em outras palavras, deixei seu cão associar aquele local através do cheiro que ele “marcou”.
3º Passo: Comandos básicos
Elimine as distrações no começo
Comece o treinamento em um local calmo e sem distrações, como um quarto ou o quintal da casa.
Conforme o cão começa a responder aos comandos, varie o local de treinamento para que ele não os associe ao ambiente.
Você não quer que o cão associe o comando “senta” com “sente-se em frente ao portão”, por exemplo.
O comando “vem”
Até que o cão compreenda esse comando, você precisará utilizá-lo quando ele já estiver seguindo na sua direção.
Utilize o clicker para marcar a açãoe então recompense-o. Após criar uma associação forte entre as duas coisas, comece a utilizar o comando “vem” quando o cão não estiver indo até você.
Não repita o comando caso o cão não o obedeça, pois isso apenas o enfraquecerá. Em vez disso, espere o cão vir até você para emiti-lo.
Mais tarde, tente chamá-lo novamente quando ele estiver parado ou indo para outro lado.
O treinamento pode ser demorado, portanto, lembre-se de ser paciente, jamais punir e sempre recompensar os comportamentos desejados.
Ensinando o cão a sentar
Coloque-o no canto da sala e segure um petisco na altura do focinho dele. Deixe que ele o cheire, mas não coma.
Erga o petisco para que o focinho vá para cima e as patas traseiras para baixo. Conforme ele encosta o bumbum no chão, emita o clique (caso esteja utilizando um clicker), elogie-o e dê o petisco.
Repita o exercício com frequência e comece a utilizar o comando “senta” antes de levantar o petisco sobre a cabeça dele.
Será necessário repetir o processo com frequência antes que o cão compreenda o comando. Caso ele comece a reagir ao comando, pare de recompensá-lo todas as vezes.
Ensinando o cão a rolar
Quando o animal estiver deitado de bruços, pegue um petisco e segure-o próximo do ombro dele.
Conforme o cão virar a cabeça na direção do petisco, continue levando-o na direção do outro ombro.
O cão o seguirá naturalmente com a cabeça, o que fará com que ele role. Assim como qualquer outro truque, utilize o clicker (se aplicável) e elogie-o bastante, dando petiscos ocasionais.
Conforme o cão compreende o truque, introduza um comando simples como “rola”. No começo, mantenha a mão livre sobre o cão para evitar que ele levante para pegar o petisco.
Outra opção é ensinar o comando “deita” antes de ensiná-lo a rolar.
Outros comandos
Após ensinar os comandos básicos e mais importantes, é possível utilizar o mesmo processo para ensinar outros comando.
Mas é preciso uma “ajuda” maior para adestrar de forma mais completa seu cãozinho, vamos deixar aqui uma super dica MUITO boa que nos ajudou muito com o nosso filho de 4 patas.
Quer adestrar por completo seu cãozinho em casa? Clica no botão abaixo:
Guia de Adestramento Passo a Passo
Lembre-se
Mantenha a paciência sempre. O yorkshire quer aprender e agradar você, mas isso leva tempo.
Importante!!
- Jamais bata em um cão.
Se tiver alguma dúvida ou sugestão é só nos enviar um e-mail: Clica Aqui!
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